note
	description: "[
		This class allows you to generate RANDOM_NUMBERs for use in other classes.
	]"
	author: "JSO, Revised by AB"
	date: "Aug 8, 05"
	revision: "$1.0$"

class interface
	RANDOM_NUMBER

create 
	make_real_random
			-- Create a Random Number Generator.

	make_repeatable
			--  Create a Random Number Generator with a repeatable sequence.
		ensure
			is_repeatable: seed = My_seed

	make_with_seed (s: INTEGER_32)
			-- Create a Random Number Generator with a repeatable seed.
		require
			seed_positive: s > 0
		ensure
			seed_set: seed = s

feature -- Initialization

	make
			-- Initialize structure using a default seed.
			-- (from RANDOM)
		ensure -- from RANDOM
			seed_set: seed = Default_seed

	set_seed (s: INTEGER_32)
			-- Initialize sequence using s as the seed.
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from RANDOM
			non_negative: s >= 0
		ensure -- from RANDOM
			seed_set: seed = s
	
feature -- Access

	Default_seed: INTEGER_32
			-- Default value 123,457;
			-- may be redefined for a new generator.
			-- (from RANDOM)

	double_i_th (i: INTEGER_32): REAL_64
			-- The i-th random number as a double between 0 and 1
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from RANDOM
			positive_argument: i > 0

	double_item: REAL_64
			-- The current random number as a double between 0 and 1
			-- (from RANDOM)

	generating_type: TYPE [detachable RANDOM_NUMBER]
			-- Type of current object
			-- (type of which it is a direct instance)
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			generating_type_not_void: Result /= Void

	generator: STRING_8
			-- Name of current object's generating class
			-- (base class of the type of which it is a direct instance)
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			generator_not_void: Result /= Void
			generator_not_empty: not Result.is_empty

	has (n: INTEGER_32): BOOLEAN
			-- Will n be part of the random number sequence?
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from  CONTAINER
			True
		ensure -- from CONTAINER
			not_found_in_empty: Result implies not Is_empty
		ensure then -- from RANDOM
			only_: Result = (n < Modulus and n >= 0)

	i_th (i: INTEGER_32): INTEGER_32
			-- The i-th random number
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from COUNTABLE
			positive_argument: i > 0
		ensure then -- from RANDOM
			in_range: (Result < Modulus) and (Result >= 0)

	Increment: INTEGER_32
			-- Default value 0;
			-- may be redefined for a new generator.
			-- (from RANDOM)

	index: INTEGER_32
			-- Index of current position
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	index_of (v: like item; i: INTEGER_32): INTEGER_32
			-- Index of i-th occurrence of v.
			-- 0 if none.
			-- (Reference or object equality,
			-- based on object_comparison.)
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from LINEAR
			positive_occurrences: i > 0
		ensure -- from LINEAR
			non_negative_result: Result >= 0

	item: INTEGER_32
			-- Item at current position
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)
		require -- from ACTIVE
			readable: Readable
		require -- from TRAVERSABLE
			not_off: not off
		require -- from ITERATION_CURSOR
			valid_position: not After

	item_for_iteration: INTEGER_32
			-- Item at current position
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from LINEAR
			not_off: not off

	Modulus: INTEGER_32
			-- Default value 2^31 -1 = 2,147,483,647;
			-- may be redefined for a new generator.
			-- (from RANDOM)

	Multiplier: INTEGER_32
			-- Default value 7^5 = 16,807;
			-- may be redefined for a new generator.
			-- (from RANDOM)

	next_random (n: INTEGER_32): INTEGER_32
			-- Next random number after n
			-- in pseudo-random order
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from RANDOM
			in_range: (n < Modulus) and (n >= 0)
		ensure -- from RANDOM
			in_range: (Result < Modulus) and (Result >= 0)

	occurrences (v: like item): INTEGER_32
			-- Number of times v appears.
			-- (Reference or object equality,
			-- based on object_comparison.)
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from  EIFFEL_BAG
			True
		ensure -- from EIFFEL_BAG
			non_negative_occurrences: Result >= 0

	real_i_th (i: INTEGER_32): REAL_32
			-- The i-th random number as a real between 0 and 1
			-- (from RANDOM)
		require -- from RANDOM
			positive_argument: i > 0

	next_value: REAL_32
			-- The current random number as a real between 0 and 1
			-- (from RANDOM)

	search (v: like item)
			-- Move to first position (at or after current
			-- position) where item and v are equal.
			-- (Reference or object equality,
			-- based on object_comparison.)
			-- If no such position ensure that exhausted will be true.
			-- (from LINEAR)
		ensure -- from LINEAR
			object_found: (not exhausted and object_comparison) implies v ~ item
			item_found: (not exhausted and not object_comparison) implies v = item

	seed: INTEGER_32
			-- Seed for sequence.
			-- (from RANDOM)
	
feature -- Comparison

	frozen deep_equal (a: detachable ANY; b: like arg #1): BOOLEAN
			-- Are a and b either both void
			-- or attached to isomorphic object structures?
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
			shallow_implies_deep: standard_equal (a, b) implies Result
			both_or_none_void: (a = Void) implies (Result = (b = Void))
			same_type: (Result and (a /= Void)) implies (b /= Void and then a.same_type (b))
			symmetric: Result implies deep_equal (b, a)

	frozen equal (a: detachable ANY; b: like arg #1): BOOLEAN
			-- Are a and b either both void or attached
			-- to objects considered equal?
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
			definition: Result = (a = Void and b = Void) or else ((a /= Void and b /= Void) and then a.is_equal (b))

	frozen is_deep_equal (other: RANDOM_NUMBER): BOOLEAN
			-- Are Current and other attached to isomorphic object structures?
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
		ensure -- from ANY
			shallow_implies_deep: standard_is_equal (other) implies Result
			same_type: Result implies same_type (other)
			symmetric: Result implies other.is_deep_equal (Current)

	is_equal (other: RANDOM_NUMBER): BOOLEAN
			-- Is other attached to an object considered
			-- equal to current object?
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
		ensure -- from ANY
			symmetric: Result implies other ~ Current
			consistent: standard_is_equal (other) implies Result

	frozen standard_equal (a: detachable ANY; b: like arg #1): BOOLEAN
			-- Are a and b either both void or attached to
			-- field-by-field identical objects of the same type?
			-- Always uses default object comparison criterion.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
			definition: Result = (a = Void and b = Void) or else ((a /= Void and b /= Void) and then a.standard_is_equal (b))

	frozen standard_is_equal (other: RANDOM_NUMBER): BOOLEAN
			-- Is other attached to an object of the same type
			-- as current object, and field-by-field identical to it?
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
		ensure -- from ANY
			same_type: Result implies same_type (other)
			symmetric: Result implies other.standard_is_equal (Current)
	
feature -- Status report

	After: BOOLEAN = False
			-- Is current position past last item? (Answer: no.)
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	changeable_comparison_criterion: BOOLEAN
			-- May object_comparison be changed?
			-- (Answer: yes by default.)
			-- (from CONTAINER)

	conforms_to (other: ANY): BOOLEAN
			-- Does type of current object conform to type
			-- of other (as per Eiffel: The Language, chapter 13)?
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void

	exhausted: BOOLEAN
			-- Has structure been completely explored?
			-- (from LINEAR)
		ensure -- from LINEAR
			exhausted_when_off: off implies Result

	Extendible: BOOLEAN = False
			-- May items be added? (Answer: no.)
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	Full: BOOLEAN = True
			-- The structure is complete
			-- (from INFINITE)

	Is_empty: BOOLEAN = False
			-- Is structure empty? (Answer: no.)
			-- (from INFINITE)

	is_inserted (v: INTEGER_32): BOOLEAN
			-- Has v been inserted by the most recent insertion?
			-- (By default, the value returned is equivalent to calling 
			-- has (v). However, descendants might be able to provide more
			-- efficient implementations.)
			-- (from COLLECTION)

	object_comparison: BOOLEAN
			-- Must search operations use equal rather than =
			-- for comparing references? (Default: no, use =.)
			-- (from CONTAINER)

	off: BOOLEAN
			-- Is there no current item?
			-- (from LINEAR)

	Prunable: BOOLEAN = False
			-- May items be removed? (Answer: no.)
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	Readable: BOOLEAN = True
			-- Is there a current item that may be read?
			-- (Answer: yes.)
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	Replaceable: BOOLEAN = False
			-- Can current item be replaced?
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)

	same_type (other: ANY): BOOLEAN
			-- Is type of current object identical to type of other?
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
		ensure -- from ANY
			definition: Result = (conforms_to (other) and other.conforms_to (Current))

	Writable: BOOLEAN = False
			-- Is there a current item that may be written?
			-- (Answer: no.)
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)
	
feature -- Status setting

	compare_objects
			-- Ensure that future search operations will use equal
			-- rather than = for comparing references.
			-- (from CONTAINER)
		require -- from CONTAINER
			changeable_comparison_criterion: changeable_comparison_criterion
		ensure -- from CONTAINER
				object_comparison

	compare_references
			-- Ensure that future search operations will use =
			-- rather than equal for comparing references.
			-- (from CONTAINER)
		require -- from CONTAINER
			changeable_comparison_criterion: changeable_comparison_criterion
		ensure -- from CONTAINER
			reference_comparison: not object_comparison
	
feature -- Cursor movement

	start
			-- Move to first position.
			-- (from COUNTABLE_SEQUENCE)
	
feature -- Duplication

	copy (other: RANDOM_NUMBER)
			-- Update current object using fields of object attached
			-- to other, so as to yield equal objects.
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
			type_identity: same_type (other)
		ensure -- from ANY
			is_equal: Current ~ other

	frozen deep_copy (other: RANDOM_NUMBER)
			-- Effect equivalent to that of:
			--		copy (other . deep_twin)
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
		ensure -- from ANY
			deep_equal: deep_equal (Current, other)

	frozen deep_twin: RANDOM_NUMBER
			-- New object structure recursively duplicated from Current.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			deep_twin_not_void: Result /= Void
			deep_equal: deep_equal (Current, Result)

	frozen standard_copy (other: RANDOM_NUMBER)
			-- Copy every field of other onto corresponding field
			-- of current object.
			-- (from ANY)
		require -- from ANY
			other_not_void: other /= Void
			type_identity: same_type (other)
		ensure -- from ANY
			is_standard_equal: standard_is_equal (other)

	frozen standard_twin: RANDOM_NUMBER
			-- New object field-by-field identical to other.
			-- Always uses default copying semantics.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			standard_twin_not_void: Result /= Void
			equal: standard_equal (Result, Current)

	frozen twin: RANDOM_NUMBER
			-- New object equal to Current
			-- twin calls copy; to change copying/twinning semantics, redefine copy.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			twin_not_void: Result /= Void
			is_equal: Result ~ Current
	
feature -- Basic operations

	frozen default: detachable RANDOM_NUMBER
			-- Default value of object's type
			-- (from ANY)

	frozen default_pointer: POINTER
			-- Default value of type POINTER
			-- (Avoid the need to write p.default for
			-- some p of type POINTER.)
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class

	default_rescue
			-- Process exception for routines with no Rescue clause.
			-- (Default: do nothing.)
			-- (from ANY)

	frozen do_nothing
			-- Execute a null action.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
	
feature -- Basic Operations

	integer_value_between (low_limit: INTEGER_32; high_limit: INTEGER_32): INTEGER_32
			-- This feature allows you to generate a random integer
			-- between two integers eg. 4 and 8 or 1 and 10.	
		require
				low_limit >= 0
				high_limit >= low_limit
		ensure
			result_within_bounds: Result >= low_limit and Result <= high_limit
			index_incremented: index = old index + 1

	real_value_between (low_limit: INTEGER_32; high_limit: INTEGER_32): REAL_32
			-- This feature allows you to generate a random real
			-- between two integers
		require
				low_limit >= 0
				high_limit >= low_limit
		ensure
			result_within_bounds: Result >= low_limit.to_real and Result <= high_limit.to_real
			index_incremented: index = old index + 1
	
feature -- Creation

	make_real_random
			-- Create a Random Number Generator.

	make_repeatable
			--  Create a Random Number Generator with a repeatable sequence.
		ensure
			is_repeatable: seed = My_seed

	make_with_seed (s: INTEGER_32)
			-- Create a Random Number Generator with a repeatable seed.
		require
			seed_positive: s > 0
		ensure
			seed_set: seed = s
	
feature -- Iteration

	do_all (action: PROCEDURE [INTEGER_32])
			-- Apply action to every item.
			-- Semantics not guaranteed if action changes the structure;
			-- in such a case, apply iterator to clone of structure instead.
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from TRAVERSABLE
			action_exists: action /= Void

	do_if (action: PROCEDURE [INTEGER_32]; test: FUNCTION [INTEGER_32, BOOLEAN])
			-- Apply action to every item that satisfies test.
			-- Semantics not guaranteed if action or test changes the structure;
			-- in such a case, apply iterator to clone of structure instead.
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from TRAVERSABLE
			action_exists: action /= Void
			test_exists: test /= Void

	for_all (test: FUNCTION [INTEGER_32, BOOLEAN]): BOOLEAN
			-- Is test true for all items?
			-- Semantics not guaranteed if test changes the structure;
			-- in such a case, apply iterator to clone of structure instead.
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from TRAVERSABLE
			test_exists: test /= Void
		ensure then -- from LINEAR
			empty: Is_empty implies Result

	new_cursor: RANDOM
			-- Fresh cursor associated with current structure
			-- (from RANDOM)
		ensure -- from ITERABLE
			result_attached: Result /= Void

	there_exists (test: FUNCTION [INTEGER_32, BOOLEAN]): BOOLEAN
			-- Is test true for at least one item?
			-- Semantics not guaranteed if test changes the structure;
			-- in such a case, apply iterator to clone of structure instead.
			-- (from LINEAR)
		require -- from TRAVERSABLE
			test_exists: test /= Void
	
feature -- Output

	Io: STD_FILES
			-- Handle to standard file setup
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
			io_not_void: Result /= Void

	out: STRING_8
			-- New string containing terse printable representation
			-- of current object
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			out_not_void: Result /= Void

	print (o: detachable ANY)
			-- Write terse external representation of o
			-- on standard output.
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class

	frozen tagged_out: STRING_8
			-- New string containing terse printable representation
			-- of current object
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			tagged_out_not_void: Result /= Void
	
feature -- Platform

	Operating_environment: OPERATING_ENVIRONMENT
			-- Objects available from the operating system
			-- (from ANY)
		ensure -- from ANY
			instance_free: class
			operating_environment_not_void: Result /= Void
	
invariant
		-- from RANDOM
	non_negative_seed: seed >= 0
	non_negative_increment: Increment >= 0
	positive_multiplier: Multiplier > 0
	modulus_constraint: Modulus > 1

		-- from INFINITE
	never_empty: not Is_empty
	always_full: Full

		-- from ANY
	reflexive_equality: standard_is_equal (Current)
	reflexive_conformance: conforms_to (Current)

		-- from ACTIVE
	writable_constraint: Writable implies Readable
	empty_constraint: Is_empty implies (not Readable) and (not Writable)

		-- from LINEAR
	after_constraint: After implies off

		-- from TRAVERSABLE
	empty_constraint: Is_empty implies off

end -- class RANDOM_NUMBER

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